How many article are there in the constitution

How It's Organized Although, not officially part of the Constitution, the introduction, or Preamble, explains the purpose of the Constitution and power of the government as originating from the people of the United States emphasized by the first three words, "We the People.

Article I deals with the legislative branch of government Article II concerns the executive branch of government Article III establishes the Supreme Court as the highest judicial power in the United States Article IV defines the relationship between the states Article V describes the procedure for amending the Constitution Article VI declares itself, the Constitution, as "the supreme Law of the Land" Article VII ratifies the Constitution There have been twenty-seven amendments to the Constitution: The first ten amendments, the Bill of Rights, guarantee fundamental rights of individuals, including freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, speedy jury trial in criminal cases, right to bear arms, protection against excessive bail, and cruel and unusual punishment.

Amendments 11 through 27 address issues relating to lawsuits brought against states, the electoral vote, prohibition of slavery, equal protection, voting rights, creation of the federal income tax, popular election, prohibition and its repeal , and term limits. Report a problem. The power for the executive order is implied in Article II of the Constitution when it allots "executive power" to the president:.

Double Jeopardy - The guarantee in the Fifth Amendment to the Constitution that one may not be tried twice for the same crime. For example, an individual declared not guilty of murdering a neighbor cannot be tried again for that murder. The person is not, however, exempt from being tried for the murder of another individual. Habeus Corpus - A court order directing a police officer, sheriff, or warden who has a person in custody to bring the prisoner before a judge and show sufficient cause for his or her detention.

Designed to prevent illegal arrests and unlawful imprisonment. A Latin term meaning "you shall have the body". Impeachment - A formal accusation against a public official by the lower house of a legislative body. Impeachment is merely an accusation and not a conviction. Two presidents have been impeached, Andrew Johnson in and Bill Clinton in Neither was convicted. In the case of Johnson, the Senate failed by one vote to obtain the necessary two-thirds vote required for conviction.

In the case of Clinton, fifty senators voted for conviction, again missing the two-thirds requirement. Ex Post Facto Law - A law that makes criminal an act that was legal when it was committed, or that increases the penalty for a crime after it has been committed, or that changes the rules of evidence to make conviction easier; a retroactive criminal law.

A Latin term meaning "after the fact. The Constitution of the United States Site contains the actual text of the Constitution as well as links to information on the Founding Fathers, the 39 Delegates who signed the Constitution, an in-depth look at the Constitutional Convention and the ratification process, and questions and answers pertaining to the Constitution.

About the Constitution History and background on the Constitution, as well as the Articles of Confederation. Online from the Library of Congress. This is a card processor fee. Please know that a recurring donation of the amount and frequency that you selected will be processed and initiated tomorrow. Specialized healthcare free of charge, as well as free access to medicines.

Paid work, on the basis of their skills, for which purpose their constraints shall be taken into account. Universal retirement. Discounts in public services and private transportation services and entertainment. Tax exemptions.

Exemption from paying the costs for notarial and registration services, in accordance with the law. Access to housing that ensures a decent life, with respect for their opinion and consent.

The State shall draw up public policies and programs aimed at providing care for elderly persons that bear in mind specific differences between the urban and rural sectors, gender concerns, ethnic group, culture, and the differences pertaining to persons, communities, peoples and nations; it will also foster, to the greatest extent possible, personal autonomy and participation in the drafting and implementation of these policies.

In particular, the State shall take the following measures: 1. Care in specialized centers that guarantee their nutrition, health, education and daily care, in a framework of integral protection of rights. Care centers shall be established to shelter those who cannot be taken care of by their relatives or who do not have a place to stay permanently. Special protection against any type of labor or economic exploitation.

The State shall implement policies aimed at fostering the participation and work of elderly persons in public and private institutions so that they can contribute their experience, and it shall develop job training programs, on the basis of their profession and ambitions.

Development of programs and policies aimed at fostering their personal autonomy, reducing their dependence and securing their full social integration. Protection and care against all types of violence, mistreatment, sexual exploitation or of any other kind or neglect leading to any of these situations. Development of programs aimed fostering recreational and spiritual activities. Preferential care in cases of disasters, armed conflicts and all kinds of emergencies.

Establishment of special system for the enforcement of measures of imprisonment. In the event of a conviction with life sentence, as long as no other alternative measures are applied, they shall fulfill their sentence in centers that are adequate for this purpose and, in the case of pre-trial arrest, they shall be subject to house arrest.

Protection, care, and special assistance when they suffer from chronic or degenerative diseases. Adequate economic and psychological assistance guaranteeing their physical and mental health. The abandonment of elderly persons by their relatives or institutions set up for their protection is punishable by law. The State shall guarantee the rights of young people and shall promote the effective exercise of these rights by means of policies and programs, institutions and resources that ensure and uphold, on a permanent basis, their participation and inclusion in all sectors, especially in public sector spaces.

The State shall foster their incorporation into the labor force in fair and decent conditions, with emphasis on training, guarantee of access to first employment, and promotion of their entrepreneurial skills. The right to migrate of persons is recognized. The State, through the relevant entities, shall develop, among others, the following actions for the exercise of the rights of Ecuadorian persons abroad, regardless of their migratory status: 1.

The State shall provide them and their families, whether they live abroad or in the country, with assistance. The State shall provide care, advisory services and integral protection so that they can freely exercise their rights. The State shall safeguard their rights when, for any reasons, they have been arrested and imprisoned abroad.

The State shall promote their ties with Ecuador, facilitate family reunification and encourage their voluntary return. The State shall uphold the confidentiality of personal information located in the files of Ecuadorian institutions abroad. The State shall protect transnational families and the rights of their members. Their rights to asylum and sanctuary are recognized, in accordance with the law and international human rights instruments. Persons who have been granted asylum or sanctuary shall benefit from special protection guaranteeing the full exercise of their rights.

The State shall respect and guarantee the principle of non-return, in addition to humanitarian and legal emergency assistance. Persons requesting asylum or sanctuary shall not be penalized or prosecuted for having entered the country or for remaining in a situation of irregularity.

The State, in exceptional cases and when the circumstances justify it, shall recognize the refugee status of a collective group, in accordance with the law. All arbitrary displacement is forbidden. Persons who have been displaced shall have the right to receive protection and emergency humanitarian aid from the authorities, ensuring access to food, shelter, housing, and medical and health services.

Children, adolescents, pregnant women, mothers with underage daughters and sons, elderly persons and persons with disabilities shall receive preferential and specialized humanitarian assistance. All displaced persons and groups shall have the right to return to their place of origin voluntarily, with safety and dignity.

The State shall guarantee the rights of pregnant and breast-feeding women to: 1. Not be discriminated for their pregnancy in education, social, and labor sectors. Free maternal healthcare services. Priority protection and care of their integral health and life during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum. The facilities needed for their recovery after pregnancy and during breast-feeding. The State, society and the family shall promote as a priority the integral development of children and adolescents and shall guarantee the full exercise of their rights; the principle of the higher interest of children shall be upheld and their rights shall prevail over those of other persons.

Children and adolescents shall also enjoy the right to their integral development, construed as a process of growth, maturity, and deployment of their intellect and capabilities, potential and ambitions in family, school, social and community environments marked by affection and security.

This environment shall make it possible to meet their social, emotional and affective, and cultural needs, with the support of national and local intersectoral policies. Children and adolescents shall enjoy the rights that are common to all human beings, in addition to those that are specific to their age. The State shall recognize and guarantee life, including care and protection from the time of conception.

Children and adolescents have the right to physical and psychological integrity; to an identity, name and citizenship; to integral health and nutrition; to education and culture, sports, and recreation; to social security; to have a family and enjoy peaceful coexistence with family and community; to social participation; to respect for their freedom and dignity; to be consulted in matters affecting them; to be educated as a priority in their own language and in the cultural context of their own people and nation; and to receive information about their parents or absent relatives, unless it is harmful to their well-being.

The State shall guarantee their freedom of expression and association, the free functioning of student councils and types of associations.

The State shall adopt, among others, the following measures that safeguard children and adolescents: 1. Care for children under six years of age that guarantees their nutrition, health, education and daily care in a framework of integral protection of their rights. The work of children under fifteen years of age is forbidden and policies shall be implemented for the progressive elimination of child labor.

Adolescent labor shall be the exception rather than the rule and cannot undermine their right to education nor can it be carried out in situations that are harmful or dangerous to their health or personal development. Their work and other activities shall be respected, recognized, and supported as long as it does not jeopardize their education and integral development.

Preferential care for the full social integration of persons with disabilities. The State shall guarantee mainstreaming disabled persons in the regular education system and society. Protection and care against all forms of violence, mistreatment, sexual exploitation or exploitation of any other kind or against neglect leading to these situations. Prevention of the use of drugs or psychotropic substances and the consumption of alcoholic beverages and other substances that are harmful to their health and development.

Priority care in case of disasters, armed conflicts or any kind of emergency. Protection from the influence of programs or messages disseminated by means of any media and which promote violence or racial or gender discrimination. Public policies for communication shall give priority to their education and respect for their rights to an image, integrity and others pertaining to their age. Limitations and penalties shall be established to enforce these rights. Special protection and assistance when the mother or father or both are arrested and imprisoned.

Special protection, care and assistance when they suffer from chronic or degenerative diseases. The State shall guarantee disability prevention policies and, along with society and the family, it shall ensure equal opportunities for persons with disabilities and their social integration.

Persons with disabilities are recognized the following rights: 1. Specialized attention in public and private entities that provide healthcare services for their specific needs, which shall include the free provision of medicines, especially for those persons that require lifetime treatment.

Integral rehabilitation and permanent assistance, which shall include the corresponding technical aids. Discounts for public services and for private transportation services and entertainment.

Work in conditions of equal opportunity that foster their capabilities and potential by means of policies that permit their incorporation into public and private entities. Adequate housing, with facilities for access and the conditions needed to address their disability and to achieve the highest possible degree of autonomy in their daily life.

Persons with disabilities who cannot be cared for by their relatives during the day or who have no permanent place to live shall have welcoming centers for their shelter.

An education that develops their potential and skills for their integration and participation in equal conditions. Their education in the regular education system shall be guaranteed.

Regular establishments shall incorporate a differentiated treatment and those establishments for special care shall incorporate specialized education. Schools shall comply with standards of accessibility for persons with disabilities and shall implement a scholarship system that in line with the economic conditions of this group. Specialized education for persons with intellectual disabilities and promoting their capabilities by the establishment of specific education centers and teaching programs.

Free psychological care for persons with disabilities and their families, in particular in the case of intellectual disabilities. Adequate access to all goods and services. Architectural barriers shall be eliminated. Access to alternative communication mechanisms, media and forms, among which sign language for deaf persons, oralism and the Braille system.

The State shall adopt for the benefit of persons with disabilities measures that ensure: 1. Social inclusion, by means of coordinated state and private plans and programs that promote their political, social, educational, and economic participation. Obtaining tax credits and discounts or exemptions that enable them to start up and keep productive activities and obtaining study scholarships at all levels of education.

The development of programs and policies aimed at promoting their leisure and rest. Political participation, which shall ensure that they are duly represented, in accordance with the law.

The establishment of specialized programs for the integral care of persons with severe and deep disabilities, in order to achieve the maximum development of their personality, the promotion of their autonomy and the reduction of their dependence.

Incentive and support for production projects for the benefit of the relatives of persons with severe disabilities.

Guaranteeing the full exercise of the rights of persons with disabilities. Abandonment of these persons is punishable by law and any action leading to any kind of abuse, inhuman and degrading treatment and discrimination because of their disability shall be punishable by law. The persons and families who provide care to persons with disabilities and who require permanent attention shall be covered by the Social Security and shall receive periodic training to improve the quality of care.

The State shall guarantee for all persons suffering from disastrous or highly complex diseases the right to specialized, timely, and preferential care free of charge at all levels. Imprisoned persons are recognized the following rights: 1. To not be subject to solitary confinement as a disciplinary measure. Communication and visit with their relatives and legal professionals. Declaring before a judiciary authority on the treatment received during imprisonment.

The human and material resources needed to guarantee their integral health in penitentiaries. Care for their education, labor, productive, cultural, food and recreational needs. Receiving preferential and specialized treatment in the case of pregnant women and breast-feeding women, adolescents, elderly persons, the sick or persons with disabilities.

Benefiting from measures of protection for children, adolescents, persons with disabilities and elderly persons who are under their care and who depend on them. Persons have the right to have goods and services of the highest quality and to choose them freely, as well as to accurate information that is not misleading with respect to their contents and characteristics. The law provides for quality control mechanisms and consumer defense procedures, as well as penalties for the infringement of these rights, reparation and compensation for defects, damages or poor quality of goods and services and for the interruption of public services not caused by acts of God or force majeure situations.

Companies, institutions and organizations that provide public services must incorporate systems to measure user and consumer satisfaction and put into practice assistance and reparation systems. The State shall be held liable for civil damages caused to persons for negligence and carelessness in the provision of public services under its charge and for the deficiency of services that have been paid.

Persons or entities that provide public services or produce or market consumer goods shall be held liable both civilly and criminally for the inadequate provision of the services, for poor quality of the product or when its conditions are not consistent with the advertising that was made or with the description provided.

Persons shall be held liable for any malpractice in the exercise of their profession, craft or trade, especially practices that endanger the integrity or life of persons. Users and consumers will be able to set up associations that promote information and education about their rights and that represent and defend them before judiciary or administrative authorities. For the exercise of this and other rights, nobody shall be obliged to associate. Indigenous communities, peoples and nations, the Afro-Ecuadorian people, the back-country people montubios of the inland coastal region, and communes are part of the single and indivisible Ecuadorian State.

Indigenous communes, communities, peoples and nations are recognized and guaranteed, in conformity with the Constitution and human rights agreements, conventions, declarations and other international instruments, the following collective rights: 1. To freely uphold, develop and strengthen their identity, feeling of belonging, ancestral traditions and forms of social organization. To not be the target of racism or any form of discrimination based on their origin or ethnic or cultural identity.

To recognition, reparation and compensation for community groups affected by racism, xenophobia and other related forms of intolerance and discrimination. To keep ownership, without subject to a statute of limitations, of their community lands, which shall be unalienable, immune from seizure and indivisible. These lands shall be exempt from paying fees or taxes. To keep ownership of ancestral lands and territories and to obtain free awarding of these lands.

To participate in the use, usufruct, administration and conservation of natural renewable resources located on their lands. To free prior informed consultation, within a reasonable period of time, on the plans and programs for prospecting, producing and marketing nonrenewable resources located on their lands and which could have an environmental or cultural impact on them; to participate in the profits earned from these projects and to receive compensation for social, cultural and environmental damages caused to them.

The consultation that must be conducted by the competent authorities shall be mandatory and in due time. If consent of the consulted community is not obtained, steps provided for by the Constitution and the law shall be taken. To keep and promote their practices of managing biodiversity and their natural environment.

The State shall establish and implement programs with the participation of the community to ensure the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. To keep and develop their own forms of peaceful coexistence and social organization and creating and exercising authority, in their legally recognized territories and ancestrally owned community lands.

To create, develop, apply and practice their own legal system or common law, which cannot infringe constitutional rights, especially those of women, children and adolescents. To not be displaced from their ancestral lands. To uphold, protect and develop collective knowledge; their science, technologies and ancestral wisdom; the genetic resources that contain biological diversity and agricultural biodiversity; their medicine and traditional medical practices, with the inclusion of the right to restore, promote, and protect ritual and holy places, as well as plants, animals, minerals and ecosystems in their territories; and knowledge about the resources and properties of fauna and flora.

All forms of appropriation of their knowledge, innovations, and practices are forbidden. The State shall provide resources for this purpose. To develop, strengthen, and upgrade the intercultural bilingual education system, on the basis of criteria of quality, from early stimulation to higher levels of education, in conformity with cultural diversity, for the care and preservation of identities, in keeping with their own teaching and learning methodologies.

A teaching career marked by dignity shall also be guaranteed. Administration of this system shall be collective and participatory, with rotation in time and space, based on community monitoring and accountability.

To build and uphold organizations that represent them, in a context of pluralism and cultural, political, and organizational diversity. The State shall recognize and promote all forms of expression and organization. To participate by means of their representatives in the official organizations established by law to draw up public policies concerning them, as well as design and decide their priorities in the plans and projects of the State. To be consulted before the adoption of a legislative measure that might affect any of their collective rights.

To uphold and develop contacts, ties and cooperation with other peoples, especially those that are divided by international borders. To promote the use of garments, symbols and emblems that identify them. To restrict military activities in their territories, in accordance with the law.

That the dignity and diversity of their cultures, traditions, histories, and ambitions be reflected in public education and in the media; the creation of their own media in their languages and access to the others without any discrimination. The territories of the peoples living in voluntary isolation are an irreducible and intangible ancestral possession and all forms of extractive activities shall be forbidden there.

The State shall adopt measures to guarantee their lives, enforce respect for self-determination and the will to remain in isolation and to ensure observance of their rights. The violation of these rights shall constitute a crime of ethnocide, which shall be classified as such by law. The State shall guarantee the enforcement of these collective rights without any discrimination, in conditions of equality and equity between men and women.

To build up their identity, culture, traditions and rights, the collective rights of the Afro-Ecuadorian people are recognized, as set forth in the Constitution, the law, and human rights agreements, conventions, declarations and other international instruments. The collective rights of the coastal back-country people montubios are recognized to guarantee their process of integral, sustainable and durable human development, the policies and strategies for their progress and their forms of societal management, on the basis of knowledge about their reality and respect for their culture, identity, and own vision, in accordance with the law.

Ancestral, indigenous, Afro-Ecuadorian and coastal back-country montubios peoples can establish territorial districts for the preservation of their culture. The law shall regulate their establishment. Communities comunas that have collective land ownership are recognized as an ancestral form of territorial organization. Ecuadorians benefit from the following rights: 1.

To elect and be elected. To participate in affairs of public interest. To submit projects of grass-roots regulatory initiatives. To be consulted.

To audit activities conducted by the government. To recall authorities elected by universal suffrage. To hold and discharge public office and duties on the basis of merits and capacities and in a transparent, inclusive, equitable, pluralistic and democratic selection and designation system that guarantees their participation, on the basis of criteria of gender equity and parity, equal opportunities for persons with disabilities, and intergenerational participation.

To set up political parties and movements, join or withdraw from them and participate in all the decisions adopted by them. Foreign persons shall enjoy these rights to the extent that they are applicable. The persons in possession of political rights have the right to equal, direct, secret and publicly scrutinized universal suffrage, in conformity with the following provisions: 1.

Voting shall be mandatory for persons over eighteen years of age. Detained persons who have not been convicted and sentenced shall exercise their right to vote. Voting shall be optional for persons between sixteen and eighteen years of age, elderly persons over sixty-five years of age, Ecuadorians who live abroad, members of the Armed Forces and National Police Force, and persons with disabilities.

Ecuadorians abroad have the right to elect the President and Vice-President of the Republic, members of parliament representing the country and Ecuadorian nationals abroad, and can be elected to any office.

Foreign persons residing in Ecuador have the right to vote as long as they have resided legally in the country for at least five years. The exercise of political rights shall be suspended, in addition to those cases provided for by law, for the following reasons: 1.

Prohibition by the judiciary system, as long it is in force, except in the case of insolvency or bankruptcy that has not been declared fraudulent. Final court judgment convicting a person and sentencing that person to incarceration, as long as it is in force. The State shall promote equality with respect to the representation of women and men in publicly appointed or elected office, in its executive and decision-making institutions, and political parties and movements.

As for candidacies in multi-person elections, their participation shall be respected by rotation of power and sequencing. The State shall adopt affirmative action measures to guarantee the participation of discriminated sectors. The following rights of persons are recognized and guaranteed: 1. The right to the inviolability of life.

There shall be no capital punishment. The right to a decent life that ensures health, food and nutrition, clean water, housing, environmental sanitation, education, work, employment, rest and leisure, sports, clothing, social security and other necessary social services.

The right to personal well-being, which includes: a Bodily, psychological, moral and sexual safety. The State shall adopt the measures needed to prevent, eliminate, and punish all forms of violence, especially violence against women, children and adolescents, elderly persons, persons with disabilities and against all persons at a disadvantage or in a vulnerable situation; identical measures shall be taken against violence, slavery, and sexual exploitation.

The right to formal equality, material equality and nondiscrimination. The right of all persons wronged by information broadcast by the media, without evidence or based on inaccurate facts, to immediate, mandatory and free corresponding correction, reply or response, in the same broadcasting slot or time.

The State shall protect voluntary religious practice, as well the expression of those who profess no religion whatsoever, and shall favor an environment of plurality and tolerance. The State shall promote access to the necessary means so that these decisions take place in safe conditions. No one can be obliged to make statements about these convictions.

The right to conscientious objection, which shall not undermine other rights or cause harm to persons or nature. All persons have the right to refuse the use of violence and to refuse doing military service. The right to associate, assemble and express oneself freely and voluntarily.

Prohibition from leaving the country can only be ordered by a judge authorized to do so. Foreigners cannot be returned or expelled to a country where their lives, liberty, safety or well-being or those of their families are in danger because of their ethnic belonging, religion, nationality, ideology, belonging to a given social group or political opinions.

The expulsion of groups of foreigners is forbidden. Migratory processes must be singled out. The right to develop economic activities individually or collectively, in line with the principles of solidarity, social and environmental responsibility. The right to freedom to enter into contracts. The right to freedom of work. No one shall be obligated to carry out free or forced labor, unless provided for by law.

The right to honor and a good reputation. The law shall protect the image and voice of every person. The right to protection of personal information, including access to and decision about information and data of this nature, as well as its corresponding protection.

The gathering, filing, processing, distribution or dissemination of these data or information shall require authorization from the holder or a court order. The right to personal and family intimacy. The right to inviolability and secrecy of hard-copy and on-line correspondence, which cannot be retained, opened or examined, except in those cases provided by law, after court order and under the obligation to uphold the confidentiality of matters other than those motivating their examination.

This right protects any type or form of communication. It shall not be possible to enter the house of a person or conduct inspections or searches without their authorization or a court warrant, except in matters of felonies, in those cases and forms provided for by law. The right to file individual and collective complaints with authorities and to receive substantiated responses and replies.

No petitions can be addressed on behalf of the people. The right to participate in the cultural life of the community. The right to have access to quality, efficient, and effective public goods and services provided courteously, as well as to receive adequate and truthful information about their contents and characteristics. The right to property in all of its forms, with social and environmental function and responsibility.

The right to have access to property shall be enforced by the adoption of public policies, among other measures. The right to live in a healthy environment that is ecologically balanced, pollution-free and in harmony with nature. The right to personal and collective identity, which includes having a first name and last name, which is duly registered and freely chosen, and to preserve, develop and build up the tangible and intangible characteristics of said identity, such as nationality, family origins, and spiritual, cultural, religious, linguistic, political and social manifestations.

The rights of freedom also include: a Recognition that all persons are born free. The State shall adopt measures to prevent and eliminate trafficking in persons and to protect and socially reinsert victims of trafficking and other forms of the infringement of freedom. Family in its various forms is recognized. The State shall protect it as the fundamental core of society and shall guarantee conditions that integrally favor the achievement of its goals. They shall be comprised of legal or common-law ties and shall be based on the equality of rights and the opportunities of their members.

Marriage is the union of man and woman and shall be based on the free consent of the persons entering into this bond and on the equality of rights, obligations and legal capacity. The stable and monogamous union between two persons without any other marriage ties who have a common-law home, for the lapse of time and under the conditions and circumstances provided for by law, shall enjoy the same rights and obligations of those families bound by formal marriage ties.

To protect the rights of persons who are members of a family: 1. Responsible motherhood and fatherhood shall be fostered; and the mother and father shall be obliged to take care, raise, educate, feed, and provide for the integral development and protection of the rights of their children, especially when they are separated from them for any reason. Unseizable family assets are recognized in terms of amount and on the basis of the conditions and limitations provided for by law.

The right to give in legacy and inherit is recognized.